90-10: Problems and Pitfalls in Water Treatment SpecificationsThis paper discusses the process of preparing specifications for chemical treatment of major cooling water systems, evaluating bid responses and operating systems in accordance with specifications. Subjects covered include: proper use of historical operating and performance data; selection of critical parameters and performance standards; the need for flexibility to permit evaluation of alternative proposals; the importance of defined responsibilities

Samples of the cooling water were collected

heat has been dissipated primarily by once-through water from natural lakes and rivers

thus maximizing reuse of medium quality cooling water

deposition and microbiological growth

EDF decided to run two campaigns of tests: the first one focused on the effect of the mechanical deterioration of drift eliminators

Wohlberg showed that freshly corroding metals are effective in removing

with emphasis on the iterative nature of the solution

and tower specifics that contribute to increased drift emissions

CTI issued a revision

The predicted power reduction using the new airfoils was 1% to 2%

Fill selection guidelines are given

In the majority of cooling towers